Speaker 1: Brought to you by the all new Toyota Corolla. Welcome
Speaker 1: to you stuff you should know from house Stuff Works
Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast, The Very
Speaker 1: Special Podcast. I'm Josh Clark, Charles Bryant, Jerry Rowland, and
Speaker 1: we're here. The gang's all here. Yeah. No, it's hardy. Yeah, man,
Speaker 1: this is one of my favorite episodes of the year.
Speaker 1: This and Halloween. Um. Typically we're recording this one a
Speaker 1: little early, I feel like, but it's okay. Are you
Speaker 1: sure we can postpone? Okay, all right, let's do it. Yeah.
Speaker 1: I'm excited about this. I think this is July. This
Speaker 1: is it weird in December? Yeah, yeah, at least we
Speaker 1: waited until this sep year. Uh. This is a good
Speaker 1: way to kick off the season for us. Agreed. We
Speaker 1: have like a whole month to just feel great. That's right,
Speaker 1: that's what the is all about, Chuck, Feeling great. Yeah,
Speaker 1: that's that's the Christmas spirit. Feeling great, drinking hot buttered drum.
Speaker 1: Yeah that's man. I'll tell you what. That put me
Speaker 1: in a mood for it. I've never had one. I
Speaker 1: haven't either. Well, I am going to this year. I
Speaker 1: think I will be joining you. I didn't know you
Speaker 1: actually put butter in a drink. Yeah, I just thought
Speaker 1: it was called that because it was like buttery or
Speaker 1: something like a buttery nipple. Yeah, yeah, that didn't know
Speaker 1: butter in it. It sure doesn't, all right, but that's
Speaker 1: coming up. Yeah, let's not get ahead of her. No, no no,
Speaker 1: we don't want to spoil the hot buttered drum a segment. Yeah,
Speaker 1: we just wanted to say, welcome to the Christmas Extravaganza. Two.
Speaker 1: That's right, So Chuck, let's kick it all off. You
Speaker 1: ever heard of a little diddy called Rudolph the Red
Speaker 1: Nose rein deer? Did he have a very shiny nose? Yes,
Speaker 1: he did, And if you saw it, you might even
Speaker 1: say it close. I think that you could probably say
Speaker 1: that and people they would they agree, Yeah, I definitely
Speaker 1: have heard of this. Okay, then you might not know
Speaker 1: that that's actually based on a little poem from just
Speaker 1: a few decades ago. It's not that old, you know,
Speaker 1: so much of Christmas stuff is very very old. Sure,
Speaker 1: but our friends over at Snopes got to the bottom
Speaker 1: of the origin story of Rudolph the right Nose, right
Speaker 1: dere ye. Well, we helped we use their material, but
Speaker 1: they didn't get at the bottom of it. This is
Speaker 1: a real story that is well known. Okay, well it's
Speaker 1: not like they corracked the case Merry Christmas Snopes. Alright,
Speaker 1: So Rudolph, we're being coy. I know all about the story,
Speaker 1: but I had no idea the reason. Really, yeah, I
Speaker 1: mean I didn't know all the details, but I knew
Speaker 1: that it was I knew it was not the version.
Speaker 1: And this is why we used snokes because a lot
Speaker 1: of people have heard the story that it was written
Speaker 1: by someone to provide comfort to his daughter as her
Speaker 1: mother was dying of cancer, and then they sold it
Speaker 1: to a department store chain and cashed in. That's right,
Speaker 1: not true. No, some of the facts are there, like
Speaker 1: the man's wife was dying of cancer. He did run
Speaker 1: it by his daughter, but and there was a department
Speaker 1: store in Wall, but it was just it's just a
Speaker 1: little off. So let's talk about this. There's a man
Speaker 1: named Robert May and he worked for a company called
Speaker 1: Montgomery Ward, Chicago, Illinois based department store. That's right. And
Speaker 1: every year Montgomery Ward used to give out coloring books
Speaker 1: Christmas theme coloring books. Two kids. Yeah, they'd buy them
Speaker 1: and just give them out as a little promo gimmick
Speaker 1: in the head of the copyrighting division said, you know what,
Speaker 1: we could save a lot of money if we just
Speaker 1: made our own coloring book. But how are we gonna
Speaker 1: do this? What will the story be? Robert May, you're
Speaker 1: very good at this kind of thing, of writing rhyming
Speaker 1: couplets for children. Why don't you get to work on this?
Speaker 1: That's right? And he stamped out a cigarette and threw
Speaker 1: down his last class of scotch because it was and
Speaker 1: he was at work, right, you know, at Montgomery Award.
Speaker 1: That's right. And he said, sure, I'll take a stab
Speaker 1: at this. And um, he kind of nicked a little
Speaker 1: bit from the tail of the ugly duckling and nicked
Speaker 1: a little bit from his own childhood, because apparently he
Speaker 1: was a bit of a small shy child on the outskirts,
Speaker 1: let's say, of the popular crowd, the fringe, the fringe,
Speaker 1: And um, he said, you know what, I think I
Speaker 1: can use this for a story about a little reindeer
Speaker 1: who's also on the outside and on the fringe. But
Speaker 1: what's the name him? Chuck? Well, this was I think
Speaker 1: we should use an alterative name as what he thought,
Speaker 1: because reindeer, so the first name has to be begin
Speaker 1: with an R. Ralo. No, he tried raloh, and they said,
Speaker 1: you know, that's a little too care free. Then they
Speaker 1: went with Reginald, and he said that's a little too British,
Speaker 1: so let's just go full German with Rudolph. Yeah in
Speaker 1: nine why not? Yeah. I thought that was a little
Speaker 1: odd that he turned down a German name in favor
Speaker 1: of a British name in graver of German name. Yeah, anyway,
Speaker 1: I'm sure British friends find it odd too, that's right. Uh.
Speaker 1: So then he went on and wrote the story and
Speaker 1: uh and rhyming couplets, and did read it to his
Speaker 1: four year four year old daughter, Barbara, who loved it.
Speaker 1: I think it's funny that there's there were four year
Speaker 1: old named Barbara back in the day, such an old
Speaker 1: lady name. Um. Yeah, she loved it. And his boss
Speaker 1: was like, I like it, but this whole red nose thing,
Speaker 1: is this a drunk reindeer? Because you know, the old
Speaker 1: gin blossom. I don't know if that's Christmas appropriate, right,
Speaker 1: And and he said, I don't have a problem with it,
Speaker 1: but our customers, my Robert may suspected that it was
Speaker 1: really the guys reservations. Yeah, so he grabbed one of
Speaker 1: his buddies in the copyrighting apartment and artist an illustrator,
Speaker 1: and took him to the zoo and said, see this, dear,
Speaker 1: make them cute and with a red nose. Yeah, I
Speaker 1: bet you. His first reaction to it was like, you
Speaker 1: gotta be kidding me. No one's gonna think this reindeer
Speaker 1: is drunk. You jerk right exactly. So, with these drawings
Speaker 1: in hand, these illustrations of a cute little reindeer with
Speaker 1: a red nose and normally red nose, um, Robert May
Speaker 1: got the sign off to go ahead with this, and
Speaker 1: he produced this little coloring booklet called Rudolph the Red
Speaker 1: Nose Reindeer, and it was an instant success. Yeah. By
Speaker 1: the end of nine six they had given out a
Speaker 1: total of six million copies. And then, of course licensing
Speaker 1: started to poke their red nose in there and say, hey,
Speaker 1: we'd loved the license Rudoff because this is a great story.
Speaker 1: Kids love it and uh. And the creator was like,
Speaker 1: that's awesome, except I don't own it, because I worked
Speaker 1: for a company and anything I create is owned by
Speaker 1: the company. Even though I created it, I'm not going
Speaker 1: to see any money from it. That must be terrible.
Speaker 1: And so he went along his saddened way, um, and
Speaker 1: then thought, you know what, maybe I'm going to for
Speaker 1: once in my life, stand up for myself. I'm in deep, deep,
Speaker 1: crushing debt because of the bills that I had to
Speaker 1: pay to try to keep my wife alive, who died
Speaker 1: of cancer. It's been seven years of living under this debt.
Speaker 1: It's just me and my daughter. I created Rudolph. Let
Speaker 1: me go ask. And he went to the head of
Speaker 1: Montgomery Ward suel Avery, and in what proves there are
Speaker 1: Christmas miracles? Yeah, suel Avery said, you know what, We're
Speaker 1: going to sign the copyright over to you. And he did. Yeah.
Speaker 1: It's remarkable to think that a company would revert rights
Speaker 1: to a successful thing created by a person. It's awesome,
Speaker 1: but I can't I can't identify with how that's possible.
Speaker 1: I think it was a different day in age, I
Speaker 1: guess right. But I think, also, Chuck, we look back
Speaker 1: at Rudolph and and think it's just this cultural icon.
Speaker 1: I think in nineteen forties six or forty seven, um,
Speaker 1: it hadn't blown up like that yet it was still popular.
Speaker 1: But it wasn't until after Robert May secured the copyright
Speaker 1: that the song that we we now Know and Love
Speaker 1: was recorded yet written by his brother in law, Johnny
Speaker 1: Marks just happened to know how to do that kind
Speaker 1: of things right. And Johnny Marks actually rewrote a lot
Speaker 1: of the story, a lot of the details of the story.
Speaker 1: Same with the nineteen sixty five stop motion animation. Yeah,
Speaker 1: that was Burl the Burl Ives narrated show. It's still
Speaker 1: one of the greatest Scherstams specials ever. And um, they
Speaker 1: did take some liberties though, um, which I thought this
Speaker 1: was probably one of the more interesting parts of the story.
Speaker 1: The original story. The Rudolph wasn't one of Santa's Reindeer, No,
Speaker 1: not at all. He didn't live in the North Bowl,
Speaker 1: he wasn't part of that whole clan, and he wasn't
Speaker 1: a kid of any of the reindeer of Santa's Reindeer,
Speaker 1: had nothing to do with them. His parents weren't embarrassed
Speaker 1: by his abnormality. Um. As a matter of fact, Uh,
Speaker 1: it says in this article that he was raised in
Speaker 1: a very healthy environment. He had a positive self attitude. Yeah,
Speaker 1: he wasn't like in the in the cartoon or in
Speaker 1: the stop motion man, He's just like a sad sack
Speaker 1: because he's such a freak, right, you know, the original
Speaker 1: Rudolf was totally fine with themselves, um, and the other
Speaker 1: big differences. Santa discovers Rudolf by accident. Yeah, he's just
Speaker 1: delivering gifts on Christmas night and spots Rudolph in his
Speaker 1: room from the Red Glow and it happens to be
Speaker 1: a foggy night, so he's like, hey, I think I
Speaker 1: can use this kid to complete my rounds tonight. And
Speaker 1: he did, and when they got back, Santa had some
Speaker 1: words for rude Off. In the original poem by you,
Speaker 1: last night's journey was actually bost Without you, I'm certain
Speaker 1: we'd all been lost. And the great news is is
Speaker 1: that may live the rest of his life. Uh, quite
Speaker 1: successful and even went back to work at Montgomery Ward
Speaker 1: and um, yeah, it seemed like he had like really
Speaker 1: good life after that. He didn't have to work anymore,
Speaker 1: but he loved what he did, so he went back
Speaker 1: to work. Good for him. And that, my friend, is
Speaker 1: a story of Rudolph the Red Nose Reindeer. Chuck. We
Speaker 1: mentioned Christmas miracles. In the Rudolph part, there was something
Speaker 1: that happened last year in two thousand twelve, Christmas two
Speaker 1: thousand twelve that a lot of people said was a
Speaker 1: Christmas miracle. At the very least, it was a sweet
Speaker 1: Christmas thing. There's a little girl named Mia or Maya,
Speaker 1: I'm not sure, am I a? Yes? And she was
Speaker 1: seven at the time, and she lived in New York City,
Speaker 1: and uh, we're going to call her Maya, Okay, Maya, No,
Speaker 1: We're gonna call her Mia. Mia had a dog named Marley,
Speaker 1: who was a cavalier King Charles Spaniel, which were very cute, adorable,
Speaker 1: sweet dogs. And uh, Maya, did I say Maya? Mia?
Speaker 1: I think he said Maya. I think I said Mia. Ultimately,
Speaker 1: Mia and her mom were shopping for Christmas dinner on
Speaker 1: Christmas Eve and they left Marley tied up outside of
Speaker 1: the story they were in, and when they came out,
Speaker 1: he was gone. That's right. And thanks to video surveillance
Speaker 1: another Christmas miracle, they saw that this jerk stole the dog.
Speaker 1: Stole the dog. Did you see the surveillance? He picked
Speaker 1: it up and walked away with it, and the dog
Speaker 1: was clearly not happy to be manhandled by this guy.
Speaker 1: But it's like, I'm a King Charles Spaniel. What can
Speaker 1: I do? That's right? So this sounds like not a
Speaker 1: Christmas miracle, Josh, but it sounds like the worst Christmas
Speaker 1: story ever. Yeah, it was Christmas Eve that this happened.
Speaker 1: The girl said that she couldn't sleep that night. It
Speaker 1: was just too hard, she said, which is so sad
Speaker 1: um and she lost her best friend. All she wanted
Speaker 1: for Christmas was her dog back, and she got it
Speaker 1: in her two front teeth, right, She's that kind of
Speaker 1: kid exactly. Uh. So she got her dog back thanks
Speaker 1: to a very nice lady who that same day that
Speaker 1: the dog was stolen, was walking through Union Square walking
Speaker 1: her own two dogs when she noticed a man with
Speaker 1: a shivering little dog, King Charles Spaniel, and she just
Speaker 1: thought they didn't go together. The guy was on drugs
Speaker 1: and this King Charles Spaniel looked like it was too
Speaker 1: good for him. Basically, well, and it was for sale
Speaker 1: on Christmas, so she inquired. She inquired after the dog,
Speaker 1: and the guy said, I've had this dog for years.
Speaker 1: I just need some money and I hate to part
Speaker 1: with it, but well I will if you give me
Speaker 1: some money. So the lady actually coughed up two bucks
Speaker 1: cash right there on the spot and bought this dog
Speaker 1: from the guy, which is pretty sweet in and of itself.
Speaker 1: But she took it a step further. That's right, she
Speaker 1: took it through the vet. The dog was microchipped, and
Speaker 1: she got it back to their owner. Yeah, the vet
Speaker 1: called the family and said we have your dog on
Speaker 1: Christmas Day and Christmas miracle And within a few minutes,
Speaker 1: uh Mia and her mom went and were reunited with
Speaker 1: Marley Ye and the jerk was arrested. Brandon Bacon. Yeah,
Speaker 1: that is a dog stealing Grins's name if I've ever
Speaker 1: heard and Bacon. Uh And that is the story unless
Speaker 1: you have anything else of the returned King Charles Spaniel
Speaker 1: on Christmas. Okay, dude, now we're to an interesting part
Speaker 1: of the show where we're going to talk about modern
Speaker 1: day mall Santa's. I grew up with what I think
Speaker 1: was the best mall Santa of all time. Oh yeah,
Speaker 1: that's a pretty weighty statement. The dude at North to
Speaker 1: Cab Mall in the nineteen seventies, I can't remember his name.
Speaker 1: Um was the most realistic looking Santa i've ever seen.
Speaker 1: He was amazing. He was my Santa. And I will
Speaker 1: try and find some photos to post when we released
Speaker 1: this of this dude. He was great. I didn't have
Speaker 1: a Santa. He's departed now, but he really are you?
Speaker 1: Were you like friends of this guy's family or something. No,
Speaker 1: but they did like a big article on him when
Speaker 1: he died because he was like, yeah, he was known
Speaker 1: as like the best Santa, the best fake Santa and
Speaker 1: all the land. And he really he looked the part.
Speaker 1: I mean really really look like Santa, not creepy, all
Speaker 1: natural with the beard and hair, like there was no
Speaker 1: fake fake are you going on? Yeah? He was really
Speaker 1: really great. And uh, that's a job, and you can
Speaker 1: make some decent money doing it. You certainly can, and
Speaker 1: you can also cough up a little money trying to
Speaker 1: get there. Yeah, depending on how much you want to
Speaker 1: create the illusion that you are Santa himself, you're gonna
Speaker 1: have to spend some dough. A Santa suit, a good
Speaker 1: one is going to run you about two grand. The
Speaker 1: boots themselves are gonna be about eight hundred bucks. Leather gloves,
Speaker 1: the white ones three bucks. Uh, I don't think that
Speaker 1: hat is free. White leather gloves. Wait, what Santa? Have
Speaker 1: you ever seen that wears leather gloves? That's creepy. Really,
Speaker 1: you've never seen Santa wearing supple white cat skin gloves? Man,
Speaker 1: they were like the little white cotton gloves. Yeah, that's
Speaker 1: what I've seen too. I think that's mainly to prevent germs,
Speaker 1: I think too, which I didn't know. And it's also
Speaker 1: to make your hands very visible at all times, from
Speaker 1: what I understand. Yeah, got you where's saying his hand?
Speaker 1: It's right here? Yeah. Interesting, the white really stands out
Speaker 1: against the red. Yeah. I never thought about that. I
Speaker 1: didn't think about it either. I read it elsewhere. Interesting. Um,
Speaker 1: all right, so you've laid down some serious cash if
Speaker 1: you want to a really good theatrical beard. Let's say
Speaker 1: you like that white one in the corner of Made
Speaker 1: out of Care. Yeah, because I mean, if you want
Speaker 1: a good stand of beard, you have to go to
Speaker 1: the Yaks. It's gonna be about a grand a twelve
Speaker 1: thousand dollars, or maybe you can grow your own big beard.
Speaker 1: It's still gonna cost you a little money to keep
Speaker 1: it like perfectly white. You don't want seeing your red
Speaker 1: in there. No, no salt and pepper. No, you want
Speaker 1: to have a strictly white beard, and that'll cost you
Speaker 1: a little bit of money too, Yeah, six hundred bucks.
Speaker 1: I mean think about it. It's like hair coloring, right,
Speaker 1: and if you want to go to a good colorist,
Speaker 1: white's probably the hardest thing to color hair. Yeah, And
Speaker 1: this is all if you if you just want one
Speaker 1: of each of these things, you're gonna be spending that money.
Speaker 1: But as a Santa, you need back up wardrobe. Some
Speaker 1: of these guys have like five or six of these outfits. Yeah. Apparently,
Speaker 1: according to a pole by the Kringle Group, which is
Speaker 1: basically a trade industry for Santa's UM, the the of
Speaker 1: mall Santa's have five or six whole suits tucked away
Speaker 1: in case of emergency. Yeah. So that's like upwards of
Speaker 1: twenty grand or more in an investment to be a Santa.
Speaker 1: And they said in the same poll that most Santas
Speaker 1: have to at least at least two sure, yeah, because
Speaker 1: you know, you get Pete on at noon, you gotta
Speaker 1: go change so you can get Pete on again at three.
Speaker 1: If the Kringle Group does anything, they conduct poles of
Speaker 1: santa and they found that UM a third a third
Speaker 1: of Mall Santas have had a child p on their lap.
Speaker 1: I would think that happens once a year at least,
Speaker 1: sure that you think, oh yeah, I was surprised. It
Speaker 1: seemed a little low to me too. But it's not
Speaker 1: just p like, there's all sorts of ways that kids
Speaker 1: spread their germs. Yes, the Kringle groups at Santa's get
Speaker 1: sneezed on at least once and are sneezed on or
Speaker 1: coughed on, uh, up to fifteen times a day. And
Speaker 1: I'll bet that's an accurate amount too, because I'll bet
Speaker 1: you count every time while it's number fourteen. Yeah today,
Speaker 1: Well and there's no parent that the kid is like
Speaker 1: really sick. They're like, well, we just won't do that
Speaker 1: this year. The parents like, nope, we're going happy. You're
Speaker 1: not get out of bed. Uh. The kid also may
Speaker 1: not only pe on you on you sneeze on you,
Speaker 1: he may scream and tear on you. And we actually
Speaker 1: have a pretty great slide show on our website called
Speaker 1: twenty three photos of terrified little kids on Santa Claus's Lap.
Speaker 1: You go to Stuff you Should Know dot com, Yeah,
Speaker 1: I've got one I need to add to that I need.
Speaker 1: I need to find it at my mom's house and
Speaker 1: scan it. But there is one verified picture of me
Speaker 1: classic case, screaming bloody murder on Santa's lap. Yeah, I'd
Speaker 1: like to see that. It's good. Uh. You might also
Speaker 1: if you want to be a Sandy, you might want
Speaker 1: to go to Sands School. Uh. Um. There are many,
Speaker 1: not many, they're a handful, but um. The Charles W.
Speaker 1: Howard's School Uh, and I'll be on New York open
Speaker 1: the ninety seven and it is the Harvard of Santa Schools.
Speaker 1: It was opened by the guy who played Santa and
Speaker 1: the Macy's Parade for years and years and your Charles Howard. Um.
Speaker 1: And he did open it in Albion, but it was
Speaker 1: UM later on taking over and moved to Midland, Michigan,
Speaker 1: which is where it is now. And it is the
Speaker 1: most adorable thing you've ever seen in your life? Is it?
Speaker 1: It really is like the houses on campus like Santa Village. Yes. Um.
Speaker 1: All of the Santa's there refer to one another as
Speaker 1: like Santa Chuck and Santa Josh and um. They all
Speaker 1: have like personalized vanity plates like Ho Ho Jan and um.
Speaker 1: Things like that. Uh. See the gloves. They also um
Speaker 1: learned quite a bit of stuff, like how does like
Speaker 1: Christmas terms in sign language? Yeah, the history of Christmas
Speaker 1: just he can be acquainted with, like the real story,
Speaker 1: history of Santa Claus, history of St. Nick. Apparently kids
Speaker 1: asked Santa how old he is? A lot and St.
Speaker 1: Nick was born sev Dred years ago, so you gotta
Speaker 1: be quick on your feet. Did they say that? I
Speaker 1: guess some of them do. Others um are asked whether
Speaker 1: reindeer boys or girls? This something kids always want to know,
Speaker 1: is that a boy or girl? Right? Uh? And it
Speaker 1: turns out the reindeer should all be girls because only
Speaker 1: female reindeer have antlers around Christmas time in Santa has
Speaker 1: to describe that to the children. Yes, And Santa learns
Speaker 1: that at the Charles W. Howard Santa Claus School in Midland, Michigan. Awesome.
Speaker 1: And I saw a story I'm gonna have to dig
Speaker 1: that up for next year about these two warring Santa.
Speaker 1: Where was that? It was to Santa's basically that we're
Speaker 1: I think vying for the presidency of that that group
Speaker 1: you were talking about, the Kringle group. Yeah, I think
Speaker 1: you got really ugly. Um. Yeah, it was a great
Speaker 1: story that I read a few years ago. I'm gonna
Speaker 1: find that and say, but for next year. Uh so,
Speaker 1: what does this all mean in terms of return on
Speaker 1: your investment? R o I as I like to say here,
Speaker 1: that's what Santa cares about. Yeah, like, can you get
Speaker 1: rich playing Santa A? Are you asking me? Yeah? I
Speaker 1: will answer then no. But you can make a decent
Speaker 1: enough living, especially if you're just working for two or
Speaker 1: three months, four months these days with the Christmas season
Speaker 1: starting earlier and earlier and earlier. But just for this
Speaker 1: amount of time that you're kind of putting into it,
Speaker 1: you can make some Santa's make up to eighty grand
Speaker 1: more more make somewhere between eight grand and grand. Yeah,
Speaker 1: and in your bigger cities that you're nicer malls, you're
Speaker 1: obviously gonna find your better Santa's that make the top dollar. Uh.
Speaker 1: If you live out in the middle of Kansas and
Speaker 1: you have a hay Seed mall, you might have kind
Speaker 1: of a crappy looking Santa that makes like twenty bucks
Speaker 1: an hour. But hey, you got your Santa, and good
Speaker 1: for you. They all need to be supported in pete
Speaker 1: On with equal vigor. Chuck we've now reached the point
Speaker 1: where we talk about hot boater drum, yeah, which is
Speaker 1: pretty exciting. It is uh and it's old as the hills.
Speaker 1: It is as all of the hills, and this is um.
Speaker 1: This is something that taught me a lot about our
Speaker 1: history in this country because I did not know that
Speaker 1: the United States was a huge rum producer back in
Speaker 1: the day. Yeah to Prohibition yep. Um. There's something called
Speaker 1: Medford rum, which was the pride of New England. That
Speaker 1: there's a there's a distiller that's like reaching the end
Speaker 1: of the distillation process as we speak, saw that it
Speaker 1: was about to release some Medford rum for the first
Speaker 1: time in a while, right Yeah. Well yeah, it's like
Speaker 1: defunct and it's been defunct basically been since the since
Speaker 1: Prohibition um. But at one time it was basically the
Speaker 1: the heart and soul of the colonial economy. And some
Speaker 1: people make the case that we're not for Medford rum.
Speaker 1: The colonists might not have had enough dough to fund
Speaker 1: the revolution. Yeah, and I didn't know either. If you
Speaker 1: back in the day, if you went north of New Jersey,
Speaker 1: New York, that was like the house drink right to
Speaker 1: a pub and it was rum yea, and it was
Speaker 1: dark and kind of funky. Apparently the room was not
Speaker 1: the taverns. Well they were probably dark and funky too,
Speaker 1: but um, yeah, the room was well we'll get to that,
Speaker 1: but it was definitely dark rum. It would get ahead
Speaker 1: of ourselves here, Chuck. First, let's talk about the difference
Speaker 1: between a toddy and a sling. One's cold. Pretty much,
Speaker 1: when you call your drink a hot toddy, you're using, um,
Speaker 1: a redundant term. Yeah, toddy's hot, but you're not even
Speaker 1: really describing it. Well, when you're talking about whiskey, a
Speaker 1: little sugar, lemon and bourbon, that's maybe a bourbon toddy.
Speaker 1: There's all kinds of toddies, but a yes and hot
Speaker 1: bartered rum is a kind of toddy. A toddy is
Speaker 1: the predecessor to the cocktail. And basically it's booze, water
Speaker 1: and sugar. And if it's hot, it's a toddy. If
Speaker 1: it's cold, it's a sling, like a Singapore sling exactly.
Speaker 1: Let's say, uh so, hot buttered rum is in fact
Speaker 1: the toddy. And it's obviously was a hit back then
Speaker 1: and still today because it was cold and back then
Speaker 1: in New England, you know, you didn't have the insulation
Speaker 1: we have today, and you would you would want something
Speaker 1: to warm the belly, something maybe make you a little
Speaker 1: sleepy so you could fall asleep. And so what better
Speaker 1: to include in that toddy than a little fat, a
Speaker 1: little bit of butter. Yeah, they had plenty of cows.
Speaker 1: So they're like, hey, we got these churns, We got
Speaker 1: this butter laying around. It's really good stuff. We got
Speaker 1: a bunch of room, got a bunch of tons of rum,
Speaker 1: and we have these hot searing pokers in the fire,
Speaker 1: which I did not know about until this. That's pretty
Speaker 1: awesome and I'd love to make one like that. Yeah,
Speaker 1: you know the original way, which we'll get to in
Speaker 1: a second. They said, let's do all these in a
Speaker 1: in a glass and drink it and it turns out
Speaker 1: it's delicious and buttery and put you to sleep with
Speaker 1: a smile on your face. Right. They have no idea
Speaker 1: who the first person was to put all of it together,
Speaker 1: but by the mid eighteenth century it was apparently all
Speaker 1: over New England. It was pretty much everywhere in the colonies.
Speaker 1: George Washington love this stuff. Yeah, and um. Over time
Speaker 1: people have decided to kind of make it a little
Speaker 1: more for frou than the original version. So there's there's
Speaker 1: a very widespread hot buttered rum um recipe that includes
Speaker 1: basically like a spiced sweet batter where you whip butter
Speaker 1: together with nutmeg, cent him in all that stuff and
Speaker 1: some sugar and you replace the butter with that um.
Speaker 1: Apparently David Wondrich, who's a cocktail historian over at Esquire
Speaker 1: magazine UM says that if you do something like that
Speaker 1: in parts of Maine, you'll be labeled the communist. So
Speaker 1: he's anti batter. Yes, he is a straight up purist.
Speaker 1: But we're gonna tell you how to make these things.
Speaker 1: The first we should talk about the ingredients. Yeah, you
Speaker 1: want to use unsalted butter, that's a big one. And
Speaker 1: you want to use good butter, quality butter, not margarine
Speaker 1: or some shed spread. Right, you want to use like
Speaker 1: real butter, real nice unsalted butter. And you want to
Speaker 1: the more milk fat the better. And um. There was
Speaker 1: a guy who wrote the Gun Club Drink Book. His
Speaker 1: name is Charles Brown, and he suggested that in the
Speaker 1: hot Buttered drum the butter was there merely to lubricate
Speaker 1: the mustache. The author of the article we read said, no,
Speaker 1: that's not the case. The butters and it grow part
Speaker 1: of this drink, so use the as the best butter
Speaker 1: you can put your hands on. Yeah, it kind of
Speaker 1: softens the corners, the rough edges of this rum. Apparently.
Speaker 1: Uh some people include uh cider an apple cider in
Speaker 1: their drink, which can be done. But the purest point
Speaker 1: out that's just another drink altogether. Yeah, don't call it
Speaker 1: a hot buttered rum. It's something else. It's a hot
Speaker 1: cidered rum with butter. So if you are a purist
Speaker 1: and you want to make an original o g enjoyed
Speaker 1: by George Washington hot buttered rum, how do you make it? Well,
Speaker 1: you want to get dark rum. Yeah, that's the That
Speaker 1: is the key. Good butter is very important, but rum
Speaker 1: is really important. And you were saying that it was
Speaker 1: a little dark, a little funky back in the day,
Speaker 1: and luckily people are still making those kinds of rum today.
Speaker 1: You want some brown rum? Yeah, apparently, he says. The
Speaker 1: uh demirera RUMs room Guiana are really a nice way
Speaker 1: to go there. Have you ever had that's a good Yes,
Speaker 1: I'm not a big rum guy. I had a bad
Speaker 1: experience with it about eighteen years ago. Oh and you
Speaker 1: never recovered. Huh. I haven't really done near it since. Um,
Speaker 1: there's I would though, for you know, it's been long enough.
Speaker 1: The kinds of room that this guy's talking about, um
Speaker 1: like anything from Guiana. It's like you could drink it
Speaker 1: neat it's good, you know. Yeah I used to. You know,
Speaker 1: I worked at Mexicaly Grill in college and UM, not
Speaker 1: recommending this people because it's not right to drink on
Speaker 1: the job. But we all drank on the job. Yeah. Sure,
Speaker 1: we drank Roman coakes and uh that was where I
Speaker 1: drank a lot of my room. You went one toke
Speaker 1: over the line there, No, we were we were good.
Speaker 1: We we It was a college. When you work at
Speaker 1: a college, barking you drinking while you're right? What was
Speaker 1: your what was your bad experience? Then? I don't know.
Speaker 1: It wasn't from that. That was from Meyers Rum in
Speaker 1: New Jersey. Yeah, well Myers will work. It's a crumb. Yeah,
Speaker 1: you don't have to spend fifty bucks on rum. Um,
Speaker 1: but if you wanna hot buttered drum isn't necessarily something
Speaker 1: you're drinking every night. So maybe this year spring for
Speaker 1: some decent rum you'll have it around for a while.
Speaker 1: It doesn't really go bad. All right, So what's the recipe.
Speaker 1: The recipe is as follows. Chuck, do you want two
Speaker 1: ounces of good rum dark crumb. You want three to
Speaker 1: four ounces of hot water, one teaspoon of raw sugar
Speaker 1: you know that sugar and the raw stuff that's demorera okay, um,
Speaker 1: and then you want some really good unsalted butter softened. Yeah,
Speaker 1: then what do you do? Um, Well, there's a couple
Speaker 1: of ways. If you want to go super old school.
Speaker 1: You're gonna heat up your mug a little bit with
Speaker 1: some hot water. Just go ahead and get the mug
Speaker 1: nice and chilled, nice and warm. You don't want it chilled. Uh.
Speaker 1: You're gonna add your rum, sugar and water and um,
Speaker 1: about two tablespoons of that butter. That's a lot of butter.
Speaker 1: And uh. You want to take a hot poker from
Speaker 1: the fire and plunge it into your mixture until it
Speaker 1: starts bubbling. Yeah, be very careful when doing this. Yeah,
Speaker 1: and don't use your like fire poker because it's covered
Speaker 1: in ash. Yeah. I don't I don't understand it. Like
Speaker 1: what poker are you're gonna use? Well, you're you're rum poker,
Speaker 1: you would have something strictly for this. Yeah, but let's
Speaker 1: get real, that's dangerous. This is the modern days. So
Speaker 1: if you want to make one that's slightly less colonial,
Speaker 1: meaning it doesn't use a red hot poker to um
Speaker 1: heat everything, get your tea cuttle on pretty much again.
Speaker 1: You warm like a heat proof mug with some water
Speaker 1: hot hot water, um, and then you dump that out
Speaker 1: and you pour an ounce of water and some sugar
Speaker 1: and you stir it to dissolve boiling water. After that
Speaker 1: you add the rum the rest of the water and uh,
Speaker 1: that butter to tablespoons. Man, that's a lot of butter.
Speaker 1: You can't wait to try this, and I'm both of them.
Speaker 1: You want to you want to grate some fresh nutmeg
Speaker 1: on top, and there's your hot buttered room. If you
Speaker 1: want to be a communist in in Maine and make
Speaker 1: your batter, uh, you make you basically you make your spice,
Speaker 1: butter sugar batter and that's sort of like just your
Speaker 1: base and you can scoop that out and add it
Speaker 1: to each drink. Right, it stands in for the butter. Yeah,
Speaker 1: it's about let's say, if you want to make eight
Speaker 1: servings a cup of brown sugar. Man, that's a lot.
Speaker 1: Eight servings. I'm sure there's not a zero missing. Seriously,
Speaker 1: One four ounce stick of bun salted butter, softened, one
Speaker 1: teaspoon of ground cinnamon, want to have teaspoons of ground nutmeg,
Speaker 1: and one quarter teaspoon of clove. Mix that all together
Speaker 1: in a mixing bowl. And supposedly that's eight servings of
Speaker 1: your batter. But it sounds like it could go a
Speaker 1: little further. That'll keep you up? Yeah? Maybe? Uh some
Speaker 1: people I've seen use ice cream in their batter. Oh yeah, yeah,
Speaker 1: we just I don't know even I'm like, that's too far.
Speaker 1: Some might say two table spins of butter and a
Speaker 1: drink is too far. Some may And I think that's
Speaker 1: the point this holiday season. When you're enjoying a hot
Speaker 1: butter drum, if you're ages twenty one or older, um,
Speaker 1: you should adjust it however you like and make it
Speaker 1: your own so that it gives you a happy holiday season. Okay, buddy,
Speaker 1: it's time to round out the Christmas episode with a reading.
Speaker 1: And we did this last year. What what do we do?
Speaker 1: The shoemaker or something? Little kids in the shoes, m
Speaker 1: we did some story about some magical shoes that were
Speaker 1: made overnight or something about clothing else. Yeah, yeah, I
Speaker 1: can't remember the name of it, but it's very It's
Speaker 1: a classic Christmas story, as is the Gift of the
Speaker 1: Magi by O. Henry, who is one of my favorite
Speaker 1: authors of all time. Yeah really yeah, he makes a
Speaker 1: great any bar too. Uh So, now, folks, Merry Christmas.
Speaker 1: A reading from johsh and Chuck. The Gift of the
Speaker 1: matchup one dollar and eighty seven cents. That was all,
Speaker 1: and sixty cents of it was in pennies. Penny saved
Speaker 1: one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer
Speaker 1: and the vegetable man and the butcher until one's cheeks
Speaker 1: burned with a silent imputation of parsimony. That's such close dealing,
Speaker 1: implied three times. Della counted it one dollar and eighty
Speaker 1: seven cents, and the next day would be Christmas. There
Speaker 1: was clearly nothing to do but flop down on the
Speaker 1: shabby little couch. And how so Della did it, which
Speaker 1: instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles,
Speaker 1: and smiles, with sniffles predominating while the mistress of the
Speaker 1: home is gradually subsiding from the first stage to the second.
Speaker 1: Take a look at the home. A furnished flat at
Speaker 1: eight dollars per week did not exactly beggar description, but
Speaker 1: it certainly had that word on the lookout for the
Speaker 1: mendicancy squad. Look out for those guys. And the vestibule
Speaker 1: below was a letter box into which no letter would go,
Speaker 1: and an electric button for which no mortal finger could coax.
Speaker 1: A ring. Also appertaining there unto was a card bearing
Speaker 1: the name Mr James Dillingham Young. The Dillingham had been
Speaker 1: flung to the breeze during a former period of prosperity,
Speaker 1: when its possessor was being paid thirty dollars per week. Now,
Speaker 1: when the income was shrunk to twenty dollars, though, they
Speaker 1: were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and unassuming
Speaker 1: d But whenever Mr James Dillingham Young came home and
Speaker 1: reached his flat above, he was called Jim and greatly
Speaker 1: hugged by missus. James Dillingham Young already introduced to you
Speaker 1: as Della, which is all very good. Della finished her
Speaker 1: cry and attended to her cheeks with the powder rag.
Speaker 1: She stood by the window and looked out dully at
Speaker 1: a gray cat walking a gray fence and a g
Speaker 1: a backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had
Speaker 1: only one dollar and eighty seven cents with which to
Speaker 1: buy Jim at present. She had been saving every penny
Speaker 1: she could for months, with the result twenty dollars a
Speaker 1: week doesn't go too far. Expenses had been greater than
Speaker 1: she had calculated. They always are. Only one dollar and
Speaker 1: eighty seven cents to buy a present for Jim, her Jim.
Speaker 1: Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something
Speaker 1: nice for him, something fine and rare and sterling, something
Speaker 1: just a little bit nearer to being worthy of the
Speaker 1: honor being owed by Jim. There was a pier glass
Speaker 1: between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen
Speaker 1: a pier glass and an eight dollar flat. A very
Speaker 1: thin and agile person may, by observing his reflection and
Speaker 1: a rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtained a fairly accurate
Speaker 1: conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art. Suddenly,
Speaker 1: she whirled from the window and stood before the glass.
Speaker 1: Her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost
Speaker 1: its color within twenty seconds. Rapidly she pulled down her
Speaker 1: hair and let it fall to its full length. Now
Speaker 1: there are two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs in
Speaker 1: which they both took a mighty pride. One was Jim's
Speaker 1: gold watch that had been his father's and his grandfather's.
Speaker 1: The other was Della's hair. Had the Queen of Sheba
Speaker 1: lived in the flat across the air shaft, Della would
Speaker 1: have let her hair hang out the window someday to dry,
Speaker 1: just to depreciate her majesty's jewels and gifts. Had King
Speaker 1: Solomon bid the janitor with all his treasures piled up
Speaker 1: in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch
Speaker 1: every time he passed, just to see him pluck at
Speaker 1: his beard from envy. So now Della's beautiful hair fell
Speaker 1: about her, rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters.
Speaker 1: It reached below her knee and made itself almost a
Speaker 1: garment for her. And then she did it up again,
Speaker 1: nervously and quickly. Once she faltered for a minute and
Speaker 1: stood still while a tear two splashed on the worn
Speaker 1: red carpet. On went her old brown jacket. On went
Speaker 1: her old brown hat. With a whirl of skirts, and
Speaker 1: with the brilliant sparkle still in her eyes, she fluttered
Speaker 1: out the door and down the stairs to the street,
Speaker 1: where she stopped. The sign read Madame Sophrony Hair goods
Speaker 1: of all kinds one flight up. Della ran and collected herself, panting,
Speaker 1: Madame large two white chili. Hardly looked the sophrony. Will
Speaker 1: you buy my hair, asked Della. I buy hair, said Madame.
Speaker 1: Take your hat off and let's have a sight at
Speaker 1: the looks of it. Down rippled the brown cascade. Twenty dollars,
Speaker 1: said Madame, lifting the mass with a practiced hand. Give
Speaker 1: it to me quick, said Della. Oh. In the next
Speaker 1: two hours, tripped by on rosy wings. Forget the hashed metaphor.
Speaker 1: She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present. She found
Speaker 1: it at last. It surely had been made for Jim
Speaker 1: and no one else. There was no other like it
Speaker 1: in any of the stores, and she had turned all
Speaker 1: of them inside out. It was a platinum fob chain,
Speaker 1: simple and chaste in design, properly proclaiming its value by
Speaker 1: substance alone and not by meretricious ornamentation, as all good
Speaker 1: things should do. It was even worthy of the watch.
Speaker 1: As soon as she saw it, she knew that it
Speaker 1: must be Jim's. It was like him, quietness, and value.
Speaker 1: The description applied to both twenty one dollars they took
Speaker 1: from her for it, and she hurried home with the
Speaker 1: eight seven cents. With that chain on his watch, Jim
Speaker 1: might be properly anxious about the time in any company.
Speaker 1: Grant as the watch was, he sometimes looked at it
Speaker 1: on the sly on account of the old leather strap
Speaker 1: that he used in place of the chain. When Della
Speaker 1: reached home, her intoxication gave way a little to prudence
Speaker 1: and reason. She got her curling irons out and lighted
Speaker 1: the gas and went to work repairing the ravages made
Speaker 1: by generosity added to love, which is always a tremendous task,
Speaker 1: dear friends, a mammoth task. Within forty minutes, her head
Speaker 1: was covered with tiny, close lying curls that made her
Speaker 1: look wonderfully like a truant schoolboy. She looked at her
Speaker 1: reflection in the mirror long, carefully and critically. If Jim
Speaker 1: doesn't kill me, she said to herself, before he takes
Speaker 1: a second look at me, He'll say, I look like
Speaker 1: a Coney Island chorus girl. But what could I do? Oh?
Speaker 1: What could I do with a doll? Her in eight
Speaker 1: seven cents. At seven o'clock, the coffee was made and
Speaker 1: the frying pans back on the stove, hot and ready
Speaker 1: to cook the chops. Jim was never late. Della doubled
Speaker 1: the fob chain in her hand and sat on the
Speaker 1: corner of the table near the door that he always entered.
Speaker 1: Then she heard a step on the stair away down
Speaker 1: on the first flight, and she turned white for just
Speaker 1: a moment. She had a habit for saying a little
Speaker 1: silent prayer about the simplest everyday things, And now she whispered,
Speaker 1: Please God, make him think I'm still pretty. She cut
Speaker 1: her hair off right to make money to buy this gift. Okay,
Speaker 1: got it, So she looks like Anne Hathaway and Lama's
Speaker 1: rob alright, but with curly hair. The door opened, and
Speaker 1: Jim stepped in and closed it. He looked thin and
Speaker 1: very serious. Poor fellow. He was only twenty two and
Speaker 1: about to be burdened with a family. He needed a
Speaker 1: new overcoat, and he was without gloves. Jim stopped inside
Speaker 1: the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent
Speaker 1: of a quail. His eyes were fixed upon Dela, and
Speaker 1: there was an expression in them that she could not read,
Speaker 1: and it terrified her. It was not anger, nor surprise,
Speaker 1: nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of these sentiments that
Speaker 1: she had been prepared for. He simply stared at her fixedly,
Speaker 1: with a peculiar expression on his face. Della wriggled off
Speaker 1: the table and went for him, Jim darling, She cried,
Speaker 1: don't look at me that way. I had my hair
Speaker 1: cut off and sole because I couldn't have lifted Christmas
Speaker 1: without giving you a present. It'll grow out again. You
Speaker 1: won't mind, will you. I just had to do it.
Speaker 1: My hair grows awfully fast. Say Merry Christmas, Jim, and
Speaker 1: let's be happy. You don't know what a nice, beautiful,
Speaker 1: nice gift I've got for you. You've cut off your hair,
Speaker 1: asked Jim laboriously, as if he had not arrived at
Speaker 1: that patent fact. Yet, even after the hardest mental labor
Speaker 1: cut it off and sold it, said Della, don't you
Speaker 1: like me just as well? Anyhow? I'm me without my
Speaker 1: hair ain't I. Jim looked the round the room curiously.
Speaker 1: You say your hair is gone, he said, with an
Speaker 1: air all most of idiocy. You needn't look for it,
Speaker 1: said Della. It's sold, I tell you, sold and gone too.
Speaker 1: It's Christmas, Eve boy, be good to me, for it
Speaker 1: went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered,
Speaker 1: she went on with sudden serious sweetness. But nobody could
Speaker 1: ever count my love for you. Shall I put the
Speaker 1: chops on Jim? Out of his trance, Jim seemed quickly
Speaker 1: to wake. He unfolded his Della for ten seconds. Let
Speaker 1: us regard with discreet scrutiny some inconsequential object in the
Speaker 1: other direction. Eight dollars a week or a million a year?
Speaker 1: What is the difference? A mathematician or a wit would
Speaker 1: give you the wrong answer. The magi brought valuable gifts,
Speaker 1: but that was not among them. This dark assertion will
Speaker 1: be illuminated later on. Jim drew a package from his
Speaker 1: overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table. Don't make
Speaker 1: any mistake, Dell, he said about me. I don't think
Speaker 1: there's anything in the way of a haircut, or a
Speaker 1: shave or a shampoo that could make me like my
Speaker 1: girl any less. But if you'll unwrap that package, you
Speaker 1: may see why you had me going a while. At first,
Speaker 1: white fingers nimble tore at the string and paper, and
Speaker 1: then an ecstatic scream of joy, and then alas quick
Speaker 1: feminine change to hysterical tears and wails, necessitating the immediate
Speaker 1: employment of all the comforting powers of the Lord of
Speaker 1: the flat. For there lay the combs, the set of
Speaker 1: combs side and back that Dela had worshiped long in
Speaker 1: a Broadway window, beautiful combs, pure tortoise shell, with jeweled rims,
Speaker 1: just the shade to wear in the beautiful vanished hair.
Speaker 1: They were expensive combs, she knew, and her heart had
Speaker 1: simply craved and yearned over them, without the least hope
Speaker 1: of possession. And now they were hers. But the tresses
Speaker 1: that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone. But
Speaker 1: she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she
Speaker 1: was able to look up with dim eyes and smile
Speaker 1: and say, my hair grows so fast, Jim. And then
Speaker 1: Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, oh, oh,
Speaker 1: Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present. She held
Speaker 1: it out to him eagerly. Upon her open palm, the dull,
Speaker 1: precious metal seemed to flash with the reflection of her
Speaker 1: bright and ardent spirit. Isn't it a dandy, Jim? I
Speaker 1: hunted all over town to find it. You'll have to
Speaker 1: look at the time a hundred times a day. Now
Speaker 1: give me your watch. I want to see how it
Speaker 1: looks on you. Instead of obeying, Jim tumbled down on
Speaker 1: the couch and put his hands under the back of
Speaker 1: his head and smiled. Dell said he let's put our
Speaker 1: Christmas presents away and keep them awhile they're too nice
Speaker 1: to use just at present. I sold the watch to
Speaker 1: get the money to buy your combs. And now suppose
Speaker 1: you put the chops on the magi. As you know,
Speaker 1: were wise men, wonderfully wise men who brought gifts to
Speaker 1: the babe in the manger. They invented the art of
Speaker 1: giving Christmas presents. Being wise. Their gifts were no doubt
Speaker 1: wise ones, possibly bearing the privilege of exchange in case
Speaker 1: of duplication. And here I have lamely related to you
Speaker 1: the uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat
Speaker 1: who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures
Speaker 1: of their house. But in the last word, to the
Speaker 1: wise of these days, let it be said that of
Speaker 1: all who give gifts, these two were the wisest, Oh
Speaker 1: all who give and received gifts, such as they are wisest.
Speaker 1: Everywhere they are wisest. They are the mad chick. What
Speaker 1: do you think of that? I think it was one
Speaker 1: of the great ironic stories of all time. Well, that's
Speaker 1: so Himry, he's the master of the ironic twist. Yeah,
Speaker 1: and it's not lame at all. No, he says lamely
Speaker 1: in the end, But that's one of those words. It's
Speaker 1: a little different now he's self deprecating. Yeah, I get it. Yeah.
Speaker 1: So yeah, man, how about that combs. He sold the watch,
Speaker 1: but they got the chops. Yeah, the chops. When I
Speaker 1: was reading that, it's like, chop sound pretty good. Yeah,
Speaker 1: it sounds really good. Yeah. Have you got anything else?
Speaker 1: I got nothing else. Merry Christmas everyone, Mary, Christmas for
Speaker 1: another great year, Buddy and Jerry. Yeah, Merry Christmas, Chuck,
Speaker 1: Merry Christmas, Jerry. Jerry says, Merry Christmas too, and to all,
Speaker 1: a good night to all, a good night for more
Speaker 1: on this and thousands of other topics, visit how stuff
Speaker 1: works dot com. Brought to you by the all neween
Speaker 1: Toyota Corolla