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41:38 In Farrah's case, the euphemism does little to obfuscate the fact that this is meant to be her execution, whether by starvation, dehydration, or suffocation when her oxygen runs out, it is not a guaranteed execution, but the prospect of rescue seems so vanishingly faint under the circumstances as to be almost impossible. From chronicle we know that this is a standard type of punishment, perhaps not a common one, but regulated under imperial law. Is it mercy to give the exile the means to extend their life by three days? Or is it cruelty prolonging an already slow execution? These same questions can be asked of historical marooning. The practice is closely associated with the golden age of piracy, the roughly 75 year period from the end of the wars of religion around 1650 until 1725, a decade after the end of the war of the spanish succession. In fact, marooning became so closely tied to pirates and piracy that by the end of the period, the word marooner had become interchangeable with pirate. Maroon is both a verb in the sense of let's maroon that guy, and a noun, a term for those who have been marooned. Robert Louis Stevenson's massively influential treasure island calls the character Ben Gunn both the marooned man and the maroon, yet the noun form is older. There were maroons before there was marooning. The term maroon first entered English during the mid 16 hundreds, derived from the spanish cimeron. Initially, both words meant a formerly enslaved person who had escaped bondage and fled into the hinterlands to live an isolated, mostly self sufficient existence beyond the reach of the slaveholders and their enforcers. In the 15 hundreds, thousands of enslaved Africans and native South Americans escaped the barbaric tortures of spanish and portuguese colonies to eke out a desperate living in the mountains, jungles, and other inhospitable places. These cimarrons would occasionally raid the colonies from which they had escaped for the kinds of tools and supplies they could not easily make themselves. They made common cause with other enemies of the colonial authorities, including early pirates like the famous english privateer Francis Drake. Sometimes they traded food and information for tools, weapons, iron. Sometimes they collaborated, as in 1573, when a joint english cimarron expedition traveled overland by secret jungle paths to raid spanish silver caravans. To be made a maroon then, was, in a euphemistic sense, to be made free, but also to be isolated, deprived of almost every resource, and left to fend for yourself in a hostile wilderness. Marooning could be a simple expedient. Pirates capturing a ship might put her former crew or passengers ashore just to avoid having to deal with them. But, as in Zanskar, it was also a punishment, one sometimes enshrined in and regulated by the articles of agreement that governed life among the pirates. And in some cases, it was a means to get rid of someone without having to contend with the moral, legal, or political consequences of actually killing them, as in August 1520, when Ferdinand Magellan found himself having to decide what to do with a mutineer, who also happened to be the nephew of the archbishop overseeing all trade between Spain and her american colonies. The typical depiction of a pirate marooning went like the soon to be maroon, or maroons, who might be troublesome sailors, despised officers, or inconvenient prisoners would be rowed to shore in a small boat and left there with a few days worth of food and water and, very dramatically, a pistol loaded with a single shot so that the maroon might choose to end their own life, the implication being that to be marooned was often a fate worse than death. Historical novelist and pirate enthusiast Cindy Valar called it the most dreaded of all punishments, for it promised a slow, cruel death without hope of reprieve. Its hard to know how much credence to give this primary sources about piratical practices from that era are understandably scarce and highly sensational. Those who did the marooning tended to die violent deaths before getting the chance to write their memoirs. Those who were captured by government agents might claim, by way of exculpation for their crimes, to have been marooned, then rescued by a passing pirate vessel and pressed into service against their will. True or not, they had strong incentives to exaggerate the harshness of their experiences. Those who managed to slink quietly back into civilian life preferred to keep their heads down and not talk too loudly about all the crimes that they had done. Modern recountings of historical marooning as a punishment are pretty bare bones, tending to repeat the same handful of details with few, if any citations telltale signs to me that they are all drawing from the same handful of original sources, or they're just endlessly copying each other in a writer's ouroboros.

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3:12:37 In twenty ten, Saint Joseph, Missouri police officer Dan Dacry 3:16:50 in after him. The suspect, Joseph Harris, made it quickly 3:31:46 like Deputy Sheriff Joseph Baka, who was trying to tackle

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14:43 unpack that just idea of the like Joseph Campbell White

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01:14 Silence sur le plateau, 00:05 Je bosse sur un plateau de cinéma en ce moment et je me disais que peut-être ça te dirait de venir.

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2:40:05 You can't have your music on, and doctor Joseph few

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1:18:23 a different plateau. 1:02:02 a different motherfucking plateau right now, I'm gonna still show

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00:24 one hundred points from the forty thousand plateau. The Catalyst

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13:06 Jerusalem and Mary and Joseph have to go back and

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41:31 of being driven by like Joseph Campbell talked about being

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07:25 a plateau by early twenty twenty six due to shortages 07:35 military production, has no signs that it's going to plateau

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20:46 Next one, this is Joseph Gonzalez. He is a sixty 29:55 climate that is conducive to the re election of Joseph Robinette.

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37:43 And it's sort of like as Joseph Campbell was to mythology.

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59:49 I think Joseph Gordon Levitt got the got the part 1:00:03 Joseph Gordon Levitt. But I told my agent, I was like, literally,