Podcaster Selvi

Sentence

A sentence is not just a string of words which are randomly put together. There is a definable set of constituents that combine to make sentences. We have a set of rules which are used to combine these constituents. We use a relatively small number of rules to produce an unlimited number of sentences or utterances.

Basic Elements of a Sentence

Subject (S)

Verb (V)

Object (0)

Complement (C)

Adverbial (A)

Subject

The subject shows who or what is doing the action. It is always some form of noun or pronoun. 

verb

The verb shows the action or the state of being.

Object

An object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb in a sentence. 

Complement

A complement is a word or word group that completes the predicate in a sentence. 

Adjunct

An adjunct is a word, phrase or clause that can be removed from a sentence without making it grammatically incorrect.

Types of complements

There are different types of complements in English:

Subject complement

Object complement

Adjective complement

Verb complement

Adverbial complement

Subject Complements

Subject complements rename or describe the subjects of sentences. In other words, they complement the subjects. These complements are nouns, pronouns, or other nominals that rename or provide additional information about the subject. They always follow linking verbs.

Examples

He is the principal.

In this example, the subject complement ‘principal’ explains the subject ‘he’. It tells what he is.

Shiny is the winner.

In this example, the subject complement ‘winner’ tells what Shiny is. 

Object Complements

An object complement always follows the direct object and either renames or describes the direct object. 

She named the baby Babu.

The verb is ‘named’. 

‘Baby’ is the direct object. 

‘Babu’ is the object complement.

Examples

Joseph's teacher called him a troublemaker.

The teacher's remark made him angry.

They chose me as group leader. 

We consider him a fool.

The students elected him the class monitor.

Here, the object complement ‘the class monitor’ is a noun phrase that is modifying the object ‘him‘.

Nouns as object complement

The company just made Ram our team leader.

In this sentence, ‘our team leader’ is the object complement (noun phrase) that is renaming the object ‘hi

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