Is there enough scientific evidence to explain gender dysphoria - distress caused by a mismatch between biological sex and gender identity - and the impact of its treatments? Robert Winston is professor of science and society at Imperial College London and Gary Butler is consultant in paediatric and adolescent medicine and endocrinology at University College Hospital in London. They discuss the potential ramifications of gender treatment and the need to understand it more. (Image: Transgender symbol. Credit: BBC)