Classical Music Discoveries

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1166 Mozart: Symphony No. 21 - Classical Essentials



For this month’s Classical Essentials broadcast we are pleased to bring to you Mozart’s masterpiece - Symphony No. 21 in A Major, K. 134

Between 1769 and 1773, the teenage Mozart, in the company of his father, Leopold, made three trips to Italy, which were the culmination of his career as a child prodigy and had an dramatic impact on his musical development. Between the second and third trips — from December 1771 to October 1772 — Mozart was back home in Salzburg, where, apparently, there was some pressing need for new symphonies. During these months he composed eight symphonies, the last of which was K.134. Just fifteen, he was already a young composer on the make, with at least 20 symphonies to his credit, and perhaps more.

K.134 is an ambitious work of superb craftsmanship as well as great imagination and ingenuity. It is in four movements, with a genial minuet placed before the finale, which is a spirited, witty, but also substantial movement with a bourrée-like gait. The first movement, according to the musicologist Stanley Sadie, is “the most densely worked of Mozart’s symphony movements to date”; the development of the vigorous opening motif is particularly insistent, giving the movement a monothematic cast more characteristic of Haydn.

The orchestra for K.134 is conventional in size for that era — two woodwinds, two horns, strings — though Mozart calls for flutes rather than the more typical oboes, and the result is a more radiant palette of tone colours. Typically for his works in A Major (which include two other symphonies, Nos. 14 and 29), the music has a sensuous, serenade-like beauty and a special richness of texture — particularly in the spacious slow movement, whose main theme may have been inspired by a famous aria from Gluck’s opera “Orfeo”, which Mozart had seen in Vienna as a child.

This symphony, performed by the CMD Philharmonic of Paris, is available to all of our listeners as a free download thanks to a generous donation from Dennis Loeffel.  To download, please visit our special website at: www.CMDEssentials.com

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Our next edition of Play My Music broadcasts on January 21, 2015
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     January 7, 2015  28m