CanadiEM aims to improve emergency care in Canada by building an online community of practice for healthcare practitioners and providing them with high quality, freely available educational resources. Our podcasts are found on this channel and include: CRACKCast (Core Rosen's and Clinical Knowledge) helps residents to "Turn on their learn on" through podcasts that assist with exam prep by covering essential core content. ClerkCast: A podcast focused on clinical clerks and their time in emergency medicine. It provides an overview of key topics that help you to rock your EM rotations. First Year Diaries: A podcast focused on the first year of independent clinical practice in emergency medicine and all of its trials and tribulations. Physicians as Humans explores the struggles that physicians face and how they have overcome them. From addictions, mental health issues, and all manner of personal crises will be discussed to help let those who are currently struggling know that they are not alone.
http://canadiem.org/
episode 202: CRACKCast E202 – Cyanosis
Core Questions:
- Define cyanosis and explain what causes it?
- What is central cyanosis and what typically causes it?
- What is peripheral cyanosis and what typically causes it?
- At what concentration of deoxyhemoglobin does cyanosis present?
- List 10 differential diagnoses for cyanosis - Box 11.2?
- Describe your initial workup for the patient with cyanosis.- Figure 11.3/11.4
- What is the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve and what information can be taken from it? - Figure 11.1
- Name four factors that shift the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left and three factors that shift it to the right.
- Differentiate between ferrous and ferric hemoglobin and describe how these forms of hemoglobin affect oxygen binding.
- What is methemoglobinemia and how does it present?
- What are the two biochemical pathways that are used to reduce methemoglobin?
- List 10 causes of methemoglobinemia - See Box 11.1
- What is sulfhemoglobinemia and when should you suspect it?
- Differentiate between primary, secondary, and relative polycythemia and how does it cause cyanosis?
Wisecracks:
- What is the colour of the blood in a patient with methemoglobinemia?
- What is clubbing and what causes it?
- What SpO2 is present on the monitor in the patient with a methemoglobinemia?
- What is the hyperoxia test and how does it help you in your workup of the cyanotic patient?
- What is the dose of methylene blue when prescribed to treat patients with methemoglobinemia?