My terminal journey, part 02. Becoming terminal friendly. series: Apt Spelunking. tags: terminal, apt-get, apt-cache, apt-mark, dpkg Discovering the packages; vertical lists.
apt package manager
First Command: sudo apt list --upgradeable
Command Breakdown:
Command Standard Output: (abridged)
Listing... alsa-ucm-conf/focal-updates,focal-updates 1.2.2-1ubuntu0.7 all [upgradable from: 1.2.2-1ubuntu0.6] alsa-utils/focal-updates 1.2.2-1ubuntu2.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 1.2.2-1ubuntu2] bluetooth/focal-updates,focal-updates 5.53-0ubuntu3.1 all [upgradable from: 5.53-0ubuntu3] gir1.2-webkit2-4.0/focal-updates,focal-security 2.32.0-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.30.6-0ubuntu0.20.04.1] google-chrome-stable/stable 90.0.4430.212-1 amd64 [upgradable from: 90.0.4430.93-1] iio-sensor-proxy/focal-updates 2.8-1ubuntu1 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.8-1] qemu-system-x86/focal-updates 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.16 amd64 [upgradable from: 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.15] qemu-utils/focal-updates 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.16 amd64 [upgradable from: 1:4.2-3ubuntu6.15] samba-common-bin/focal-updates,focal-security 2:4.11.6+dfsg-0ubuntu1.8 amd64 [upgradable from: 2:4.11.6+dfsg-0ubuntu1.6]apt-get package manager
Second Command: sudo apt-get -u upgrade --assume-no
Command Breakdown:
Note: Linux Mint 20 manpage for apt-get does not include the -u option or description.
-u, --show-upgraded Show upgraded packages. Print out a list of all packages that are to be upgraded.Command Standard Output:
Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... Calculating upgrade... The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libllvm10 libllvm10:i386 libnvidia-common-450 libnvidia-compute-455:i386 libnvidia-decode-455:i386 libnvidia-encode-455:i386 libnvidia-fbc1-455:i386 libnvidia-gl-455:i386 libnvidia-ifr1-455:i386 nvidia-kernel-common-455 nvidia-kernel-source-455 nvidia-utils-455 xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-455 Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following packages have been kept back: libnvidia-common-450 libnvidia-common-460 linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic The following packages will be upgraded: alsa-ucm-conf alsa-utils bluetooth bluez bluez-cups bluez-obexd firefox firefox-locale-en flatpak gir1.2-flatpak-1.0 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 google-chrome-stable iio-sensor-proxy libasound2 libasound2-data libatopology2 libbluetooth3 libexiv2-27 libflatpak0 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 liblightdm-gobject-1-0 libmysqlclient21 libnetplan0 libsmbclient libvirt-clients libvirt-daemon libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu libvirt-daemon-driver-storage-rbd libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-daemon-system-systemd libvirt0 libwacom-bin libwacom-common libwacom2 libwbclient0 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 libxmlb1 lightdm linux-firmware linux-libc-dev netplan.io openvpn python3-apport python3-problem-report python3-samba python3-yaml qemu-block-extra qemu-kvm qemu-system-common qemu-system-data qemu-system-gui qemu-system-x86 qemu-utils samba-common samba-common-bin samba-libs smbclient thermald xul-ext-lightning 60 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded. Need to get 295 MB of archives. After this operation, 4,023 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] N Abort.dpkg-query
Third Command: dpkg-query -l
Command Breakdown:
Fourth Command: dpkg-query -L add-apt-key
Command Breakdown:
Command Standard Output: (abridged)
apt-mark
Fifth & Sixth Commands: sudo apt-mark hold google-chrome-stable; sudo apt-mark showhold
Command Breakdown:
Command Standard Output: (abridged)
google-chrome-stable set on hold.apt-mark
Seventh Command: sudo apt-mark unhold google-chrome-stable
Command Breakdown:
Note: showhold will now print blank/nothing because packages are no longer effected by hold.
touch apt-get01.txt; this command will create the "apt-get01.txt" file.
date > ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; this command stores the date and time with the "apt-get01.txt" file.
echo -e "\n" >> ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; this command gives us a blank line or new line within the "apt-get01.txt" file.
apt-get --version >> ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; this command adds the version of apt-get we have installed to the "apt-get01.txt" file.
echo -e "\n\napt-get --help\n\n" >> ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; this command adds to new lines or blank lines to the file then, adds the label "apt-get -- help" to the "apt-get01.txt" file.
apt-get --help >> ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; this command adds the standard output of apt-get --help to the "apt-get01.txt" file.
echo -e "\n\nman apt-get\n\n" >> ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; intentionally left blank.
man apt-get >> ~/Documents/apt-get01.txt; intentionally left blank.
echo -e "\n\nCompleted."; intentionally left blank.
The NATO phonetic alphabet is a Spelling Alphabet; a set of words used instead of letters in oral communication (i.e. over the phone or military radio). Each word ("code word") stands for its initial letter (alphabetical "symbol"). The 26 code words in the NATO phonetic alphabet are assigned to the 26 letters of the English alphabet in alphabetical order as follows: Symbol, Code Word, Morse Code, Phonic.
(pronunciation)
A, Alfa/Alpha, AL FAH. B, Bravo, BRAH VOH. C, Charlie, CHAR LEE. D, Delta, DELL TAH. E, Echo, ECK OH. F, Foxtrot, FOKS TROT. G, Golf, GOLF. H, Hotel, HOH TELL. I, India, IN DEE AH. J, Juliett, JEW LEE ETT. K, Kilo, KEY LOH. L, Lima, LEE MAH. M, Mike, MIKE. N, November, NO VEMBER. O, Oscar, OSS CAH. P, Papa, PAH PAH. Q, Quebec, KEH BECK. R, Romeo, ROW ME OH. S, Sierra, SEE AIRRAH. T, Tango, TANG OH. U, Uniform, YOU NEE FORM. V, Victor, VIK TAH. W, Whiskey, WISS KEY. X, X-ray, ECKS RAY. Y, Yankee, YANG KEY. Z, Zulu, ZOO LOO. Hacker Public RadioCorrespondent: Some Guy On The Internet. Host ID: 391 E-mail: Lyunpaw@gmail.com
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